Introductory Sociology CLEP Prep Practice Exam

Social exchange theory assumes all relationships are best understood in terms of what?

1. Power dynamics

2. Conflict resolution

3. Reward and punishment

4. Perception and interaction

The correct answer is: Reward and punishment

Social exchange theory, also known as "the economic theory of relationships," is based on the idea that individuals engage in relationships in order to maximize rewards and minimize costs. This perspective assumes that relationships are primarily driven by the exchange of resources, such as love, attention, and companionship. Option C, reward and punishment, aligns with this assumption because it highlights the importance of receiving positive rewards and avoiding negative consequences in relationships. Option A, power dynamics, and option B, conflict resolution, do not fully capture the emphasis on rewards and costs in social exchange theory. Option D, perception and interaction, touches on the importance of how individuals perceive and interact with each other, but it does not fully capture the central idea of maximizing rewards and minimizing costs as the driving force behind relationships.